AI & Penetration Testing: What's the Score?
A practical look at what AI really means for security teams
We'll look at where AI is genuinely useful, where its limitations remain, and how it is affecting penetration testing and cyber defence in practice.

The Subtleties of Scheduled Tasks in PCI DSS
URM’s blog explores the nuances and challenges of PCI DSS scheduled activities and practical approaches for improving compliance with periodic requirements.
URM’s blog explains the requirements of ISO 27001 Clause 8.1 and why it matters, as well as sharing key insights on how to properly implement it in practice.
URM’s blog explains the requirements of ISO 27001 Clause 8.1 and why it matters, as well as sharing key insights on how to properly implement it in practice.
URM’s blog explains how organisations can unintentionally and without realising fall into scope of the PCI DSS, despite not directly handling card data.
PCI DSS Scoping
In this episode of InfoSec Insider, Tibor Laczko and Alastair Stewart, both Senior Consultants and Qualified Security Assessors (QSAs) at URM, explore scoping in the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS). Alastair and Tibor leverage nearly 30 years’ combined experience with the PCI DSS to discuss:
- When an organisation stops being ‘just a merchant’ and becomes a PCI DSS service provider and how this distinction is made
- Whether organisations can be a merchant and service provider at the same time and how this should be reflected in the PCI DSS assessment
- Why Requirement 6.4.3 and 11.6.1 are particularly important for modern e-commerce scoping
- Some examples of systems that are not in the card data environment (CDE) but are still security-impacting and therefore in PCI DSS scope
- How elements such as administrative access, deployment pipelines, cloud consoles, source code repositories, and secrets management tools be considered during scoping
- And more.

Cyber Essentials Changes in 2026 – Adjusting CE VSA Responses
We explain IASME’s clarification on adjusting CE VSA responses once CE+ testing has started.
Watch the video
Business Continuity Awareness Quiz
By completing the quiz, you will gain a clearer understanding of how organisations prepare for, respond to, and recover from disruption, and why business continuity is a shared responsibility rather than a purely technical or specialist function.

ISO 27001 FAQs
How long does it take to implement ISO 27001?
There is no straightforward answer to this question as it depends on the size and complexity of your organisation, what systems and processes are already in place and what resources are available. However, in URM’s experience it typically takes between 6 and 9 months for a small, low complexity organisation to fully implement ISO 27001.
With larger, more complex environments, 9 to 18 months is closer to the norm for fully establishing an ISMS. This naturally assumes that the appropriate resources are made available to achieve the desired outcomes.
Apart from the existing maturity of operational practices and controls and availability of in-house resource, another key determinant in how long an ISO 27001 implementation will take place will be the support and involvement of senior management. URM has seen organisations achieve very aggressive timescales in implementing and achieving ISO 27001 certification where Senior Management has prioritised the project, often associated with being awarded a significant client project.
Is there a legal requirement to comply with or be certified to ISO 27001?
There is, generally, no direct legal requirement for compliance as such, indicating why many people choose to use the word conformance rather than compliance. Organisations choose whether or not to implement the requirements of ISO 27001 based upon the benefits that would be gained by doing so. However, you should pay close attention to any contractual obligations you may have for protecting the information of clients and other stakeholders.
There is an increasing trend where customers require third party suppliers to implement or certify to ISO 27001, thus making it a legal requirement, by virtue of a contract.
What does ISO 27001 require you to do?
A key requirement of ISO 27001 is that you adopt a risk-based approach when implementing your ISMS. You are also required to ensure that certain processes are in place to ensure effective and proactive management and continuous improvement.
These requirements are broken down into 7 major clauses, which deal with context of the organisation, leadership, planning, support, operation, performance evaluation and improvement. These clauses are consistent with other ISO Management system standards such as ISO 9001 and ISO 22301, and is known as the harmonised structure.
When was ISO 27001 last updated?
The current version of the Standard, ISO/IEC 27001:2022 replaced the 2013 version of the Standard on 25 October 2022. As of 1 May 2024, all initial and recertification assessments must be conducted against ISO 27001:2022 and, on 31 October 2025, all ISO 27001:2013 certificates will be withdrawn. Whilst the management system clauses received a relatively minor makeover in order to harmonize ISO 27001 with other standards, the information security controls contained within Annex A were completely restructured with some controls being merged with others as well as 11 new ones being introduced.
ISO 27001, ISO 22301, ISO 20000 and PCI DSS consultancy and product-related case studies

Cyber Essentials and Cyber Essentials Plus Changes 2026 Summary
In this document, we outline the key changes to Cyber Essentials and Cyber Essentials Plus scheme and what they mean for you as applicants.
From BIAs to bespoke BC plans and ISO 22301 certification, our expert consultants can help you build resilience. Let URM support you with proven tools, tailored advice, and practical solutions to protect what matters most.
If you are unsure how GDPR applies to your organisation, we offer a free introductory call to help you understand risks, responsibilities, and practical next steps. There is no commitment, just clear, informed guidance.
URM is pleased to provide a FREE consultation on Transitioning to ISO 27001:2022 for any UK-based organisation.



